Surrender to imagination. Envision a fairy-tale horse prancing across
the mountains and plains of ancient times, his unshod hooves lifted high
in a dramatic trot. This white stallion, his thick mane unfurled like a
flag, canters boldly toward an angry bull and the cheers of the crowd
rise into a blue-hot Spanish sky.
The Andalusian is an ancient
pure breed that has been carefully preserved over the centuries. In
Northern Spain, cave paintings depict men leading Mesolitic horses with
convex heads, solid muscular bodies, elegant necks and luxurious manes.
Circa 1,100 B.C., Homer refers to the Iberian horse in his Iliad.
Xenophon, the 'father' of modern equitation, praises the gifted Iberian
horses and horseman who fought in the Peloponneisian Wars in 431 B.C.
Julius Caesar wrote of the noble steeds of Hispania in "Del Bollo
Gallico." The Iberian horse carried Hannibal across the Alps in his
invasion of Italy (though the elephants got all the credit!). History
records Richard I and many of his knights mounted on "airy Spanish
Destriers".
In the heyday of European monarchies, the Andalusian's
flair, style and formidable carriage made him the mount of choice for
the aristocracy. Not only did the Spanish horse excel in battle but he
was a fancy parade horse and an elegant fine harness animal. This
popularity earned the Iberian horse a grandiose title, "Horse of Kings"
or "Royal Horse of Europe." Indeed, there was a time when no crowned
head would consider having a portrait painted on any horse other than an
Andalusian.
The 17th-century Flemish painter, Peter Paul
Rubens, chose the Spanish horse, with its robust body and flowing mane
and tail, for his paintings. The artist is noted for his voluptuous,
full-bodied nudes, and the Andalusian horse epitomizes the term
"Rubenesque." The Spanish horse and Rubens' passionate style were the
quintessence of the opulent Baroque era. As a popular painter and a
pro-Spanish diplomat, Rubens' work and his pro-Spanish politics
accompanied him on his diplomatic missions. Thus, via canvas, the
Spanish horse was introduced to the high courts of Europe.
Rubens
painted portraits of such famous personages as the governors of the
Spanish Netherlands, King Charles I of England, King Philip IV of Spain,
the Spanish Duke of Lerma, Kings Henri IV and Henri XIII of France, the
Polish Princes Ladislas Sigismund and the Duke of Lerma. In "Capture
at Juliers", Rubens allegorically depicts Marie de Medici mounted on a
Spanish horse. Many of his works, including "St. George and the Dragon"
(c. 1606-1610), feature the Spanish horse in powerful and fierce battle
poses, which seemed to satisfy his taste for depicting violent action
and lovely women.
Van Dyke, Rubens' most celebrated pupil,
depicted Charles I on an Andalusian, and the Spanish painter Velazquez
painted Philip III and Queen Isabel of Bourbon riding Andalusians. But
in the late 18th and 19th centuries, the trend to greater size and scope
in horses began to adversely affect the Andalusian's popularity.
Then
a tragic plague followed by a devastating famine nearly swept the breed
into oblivion, but, fortunately, in a few mountainous areas of the
country, the Carthusian monks carefully preserved the depleted blood
stock and began the long journey to re-establishing the breed. In order
to conserve these rare horses for breeding, the Spanish government
placed an embargo on their export and, for over 100 years, the
Andalusian was virtually unseen by the rest of the world. Only a
scattered one or two Andalusians came to this country prior to the
1960's, and it was virtually impossible to see one outside art or film.
Throughout
history, the Spanish horse has remained remarkably pure. The
Andalusian is very sturdy, with a long sloping shoulder which gives him a
lofty and pleasant trot. His wide chest, deep heart, strong, short
back and well-rounded hind quarters give him the ability to sit down on
his haunches and balance on his hind legs. The crested neck with its
curtain of silky mane and the thick, long tail add elegance and a
story-book beauty. Though most people imagine the Andalusian as the
dancing white horse, the Spanish Registry recognizes blacks and bays as
well. The Andalusian ranges in size from 15 hands to 17 hands, with the
average being 15.3-16.0.
In an era when the mounted soldier
trusted his life to his horse, the Andalusian's strength and natural
gift for collection made him the premier warhorse of Europe. When mortal
conflict waged hand-to-hand, the Andalusian was the soldier's best
friend or worst nightmare, depending on which side of the battle you
faced him.
Dressage, today's fastest growing sport, developed as
a means to school the superior warhorse. The so-called
airs-above-the-ground, capriole and courbette, were designed to strike
terror in the enemy foot soldiers. In capriole, the horse leaps into
the air and kicks out with his hind feet. In courbette, he rears and
jumps forward on his hind feet.
It is easy to see why a horse, so
bold and quick, that he can dart near enough for a mounted bullfighter
to place a rose between the horns of a maddened bull then whisk away
before being gored, is a definite advantage in battle.
My experience with these magnificent horses was the inspiration for Gambler's Choice.
Linda Nightingale
To Purchase
I love horses in general - and Andulusians, as you say, are fairy tale horses. I was lucky enough to see a display by the Spanish Riding School when they visited the UK. Yes, I know they use Lipizzanas, but there are similarities, and watching the 'airs above the ground' performed by these beautiful stallions, was truly breathtaking.
ReplyDeleteI purchased a copy of Gamblers Choice and look forward to reading it. Thanks for a most informative and interesting article.